Fix and improve EXTENSIBLE_UI (#12117)

- Add methods to access print counter data
- Clean up some inconsistent method names
- Clear lcd status after filament change
- Implement `lcd_reset_status` so it works like UltraLCD

Marlin/src/gcode/eeprom/M500-M504.cpp

@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ void GcodeSuite::M501() {
       CHAT_PORT
     #endif
   );
+  #if ENABLED(EXTENSIBLE_UI)
+    UI::onLoadSettings();
+  #endif
 }
 
 /**