M425 Backlash Correction (#11061)

Marlin/Configuration_adv.h

@@ -490,6 +490,39 @@
   #define JUNCTION_DEVIATION_MM 0.02  // (mm) Distance from real junction edge
 #endif
 
+//
+// Backlash Compensation
+// Adds extra movement to axes on direction-changes to account for backlash.
+//
+//#define BACKLASH_COMPENSATION
+#if ENABLED(BACKLASH_COMPENSATION)
+  // Define values for backlash distance and correction.
+  // If BACKLASH_GCODE is enabled these values are the defaults.
+  #define BACKLASH_DISTANCE_MM { 0, 0, 0 } // (mm)
+  #define BACKLASH_CORRECTION    0.0       // 0.0 = no correction; 1.0 = full correction
+
+  // Set BACKLASH_SMOOTHING_MM to spread backlash correction over multiple segments
+  // to reduce print artifacts. (Enabling this is costly in memory and computation!)
+  //#define BACKLASH_SMOOTHING_MM 3 // (mm)
+
+  // Add runtime configuration and tuning of backlash values (M425)
+  //#define BACKLASH_GCODE
+
+  #if ENABLED(BACKLASH_GCODE)
+    // Measure the Z backlash when probing (G29) and set with "M425 Z"
+    #define MEASURE_BACKLASH_WHEN_PROBING
+
+    #if ENABLED(MEASURE_BACKLASH_WHEN_PROBING)
+      // When measuring, the probe will move up to BACKLASH_MEASUREMENT_LIMIT
+      // mm away from point of contact in BACKLASH_MEASUREMENT_RESOLUTION
+      // increments while checking for the contact to be broken.
+      #define BACKLASH_MEASUREMENT_LIMIT       0.5   // (mm)
+      #define BACKLASH_MEASUREMENT_RESOLUTION  0.005 // (mm)
+      #define BACKLASH_MEASUREMENT_FEEDRATE    Z_PROBE_SPEED_SLOW // (mm/m)
+    #endif
+  #endif
+#endif
+
 /**
  * Adaptive Step Smoothing increases the resolution of multi-axis moves, particularly at step frequencies
  * below 1kHz (for AVR) or 10kHz (for ARM), where aliasing between axes in multi-axis moves causes audible