🐛 Fix DOGM time overflow, alignment (#25103)

Marlin/src/lcd/dogm/status_screen_DOGM.cpp

@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ FORCE_INLINE void _draw_axis_value(const AxisEnum axis, const char *value, const
   static char bufferc[13];
 
   static void prepare_time_string(const duration_t &time, char prefix) {
-    char str[9];
+    char str[13];
     memset(&bufferc[2], 0x20, 5); // partialy fill with spaces to avoid artifacts and terminator
     bufferc[0] = prefix;
     bufferc[1] = ':';

Marlin/src/libs/duration_t.h

@@ -151,7 +151,9 @@ struct duration_t {
    *  123456789 (strlen)
    *  12'34
    *  99:59
-   *  11d 12:33
+   *  123:45
+   *  1d 12:33
+   *  9999d 12:33
    */
   uint8_t toDigital(char *buffer, bool with_days=false) const {
     const uint16_t h = uint16_t(this->hour()),
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ struct duration_t {
     if (with_days) {
       const uint16_t d = this->day();
       sprintf_P(buffer, PSTR("%hud %02hu:%02hu"), d, h % 24, m);  // 1d 23:45
-      return d >= 10 ? 9 : 8;
+      return strlen_P(buffer);
     }
     else if (!h) {
       const uint16_t s = uint16_t(this->second() % 60UL);