⚡️ Fix noisy ADC - 16x oversampling with 12-bit ADC (#23867)

Marlin/src/core/types.h

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ typedef float feedRate_t;
 // celsius_t is the native unit of temperature. Signed to handle a disconnected thermistor value (-14).
 // For more resolition (e.g., for a chocolate printer) this may later be changed to Celsius x 100
 //
+typedef uint16_t raw_adc_t;
 typedef int16_t celsius_t;
 typedef float celsius_float_t;