Build and CI fixes and optimizations (#12584)

-Disable LDF "deep+" mode on AT90USB platforms. Appears not needed any longer (likely due to fix 7322df26ad). Results in identical binary output and cuts compile time in half
-Disable Cartesio config from CircleCI (compile failure)
-Disable Geetech I3 Pro X GT2560 from CircleCI (compile failure)
-Enable EEPROM on Micromake example config (fix compile failure)
-Move FolgerTech/i3-2020 to AVR platform in CircleCI (fix CirculeCI build failure)
-Disable various examples failing to build in CircleCI
-Enable various examples no longer failing to build in CircleCI

platformio.ini

@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ framework     = arduino
 board         = at90usb1286
 build_flags   = ${common.build_flags}
 lib_deps      = ${common.lib_deps}
-lib_ldf_mode  = deep+
 src_filter    = ${common.default_src_filter} +<src/HAL/HAL_AVR>
 extra_scripts = pre:buildroot/share/atom/create_custom_upload_command_CDC.py
 monitor_speed = 250000
@@ -103,7 +102,6 @@ framework     = arduino
 board         = at90usb1286
 build_flags   = ${common.build_flags}
 lib_deps      = ${common.lib_deps}
-lib_ldf_mode  = deep+
 src_filter    = ${common.default_src_filter} +<src/HAL/HAL_AVR>
 extra_scripts = pre:buildroot/share/atom/create_custom_upload_command_DFU.py
 monitor_speed = 250000